It doesn't take much. I once put my name, job title and employer on LinkedIn. That was enough for someone to email my payroll officer and convince them to change my paycheck to a different bank account. I had no idea until my pay was missed.
My payroll officer was a dumbfuck, but that's all it took.
FWIW (overlooking the privacy issues w/ using Google, yes), you can generally add a + followed by <a string of your choosing> between your <email account name> and the "@gmail.com" to somewhat filter results internally (and maybe even tag the source of your email getting leaked/sold. /my2¢
Just share the information that other people need to know and don't share things they don't need to know. Most people on LinkedIn have a worksona anyway, they're not sharing their personal life much
I only use Indeed.com so that my info is only siphoned from one place. I feel like they have good listings and they have options to hide some of your info from employers and random observers. Avoid linkedin at all costs, having a profile has gotten me zero benefits and it is an extreme pain deleting your account.
You can also take steps to protect your contact info, specifically your email/phone/address. I only put the city I'm from on my resume and you can use email masks or alts like firefox relay or protonmail plus, or just make a separate email only for work. For phone numbers I use JMP.chat to give me a second number to use solely for work and Indeed.
In the end a lot of your work info is gonna be pseudo-public, because you do need to convince prospective employers of who you are, but you can control the sphere of that information to keep it confined. Imo, having a stable job is worth that trade; you don't have to do a deep dive into your personality or personal life to get a job. Just enough to be convincing
Do not put unnecessary information in and use privacy nightmare websites/software (like LinkedIn) with maximum sandboxing and protection possible (WM, VPN, probably Tails). If your job requires you to use some app, get a separate device for it (though I still wouldn't pick such a job).
Yeah tbh if you’re a software engineer there’s barely a way around using LinkedIn, I got almost all my jobs through being contacted by recruiters on LinkedIn. I kinda hate that my info is out there but otoh with every switch you get more money and I guess unless you’re some kind of whistleblower or government dissident you’ll have to live with exposing yourself to an extent or miss out on good opportunities.