Small update.

It seems to be caused by UserNS=keep-id . when adding it to an image with a lot of files, podman hangs for a while, then crashes when doind its chown. This causes some layers to be invalid.

My config is nothing special. Running all containers as user 1000 via qadlets. Sporadically, I get:

Dec 05 13:40:27 home-lab systemd-coredump[200811]: [🡕] Process 200795 (podman) of user 1000 dumped core.

                                                   Module libbz2.so.1 from rpm bzip2-1.0.8-18.fc40.x86_64
                                                   Module libsepol.so.2 from rpm libsepol-3.7-2.fc40.x86_64
                                                   Module libpcre2-8.so.0 from rpm pcre2-10.44-1.fc40.x86_64
                                                   Module libcap-ng.so.0 from rpm libcap-ng-0.8.4-4.fc40.x86_64
                                                   Module libgpg-error.so.0 from rpm libgpg-error-1.49-1.fc40.x86_64
                                                   Module libpam_misc.so.0 from rpm pam-1.6.1-4.fc40.x86_64
                                                   Module libpam.so.0 from rpm pam-1.6.1-4.fc40.x86_64
                                                   Module libattr.so.1 from rpm attr-2.5.2-3.fc40.x86_64
                                                   Module libacl.so.1 from rpm acl-2.3.2-1.fc40.x86_64
                                                   Module libcrypt.so.2 from rpm libxcrypt-4.4.36-10.fc40.x86_64
                                                   Module libeconf.so.0 from rpm libeconf-0.6.2-2.fc40.x86_64
                                                   Module libsemanage.so.2 from rpm libsemanage-3.7-2.fc40.x86_64
                                                   Module libselinux.so.1 from rpm libselinux-3.7-5.fc40.x86_64
                                                   Module libaudit.so.1 from rpm audit-4.0.2-1.fc40.x86_64
                                                   Module libseccomp.so.2 from rpm libseccomp-2.5.5-1.fc40.x86_64
                                                   Module podman from rpm podman-5.3.1-1.fc40.x86_64
                                                   Stack trace of thread 200805:
                                                   #0  0x0000558789bfa4a1 runtime.raise.abi0 (podman + 0x934a1)
                                                   #1  0x0000558789bd6cc8 runtime.sigfwdgo (podman + 0x6fcc8)
                                                   #2  0x0000558789bd51a5 runtime.sigtrampgo (podman + 0x6e1a5)
                                                   #3  0x0000558789bfa7a9 runtime.sigtramp.abi0 (podman + 0x937a9)
                                                   #4  0x00007efdbc0cad00 __restore_rt (libc.so.6 + 0x40d00)
                                                   #5  0x0000558789bfa4a1 runtime.raise.abi0 (podman + 0x934a1)
                                                   #6  0x0000558789bbda26 runtime.fatalpanic (podman + 0x56a26)
                                                   #7  0x0000558789bbc998 runtime.gopanic (podman + 0x55998)
                                                   #8  0x0000558789bd64d8 runtime.sigpanic (podman + 0x6f4d8)
                                                   #9  0x000055878a5a7842 github.com/containers/storage.(*layerStore).load (podman + 0xa40842)
                                                   #10 0x000055878a5a9608 github.com/containers/storage.(*store).newLayerStore (podman + 0xa42608)
                                                   #11 0x000055878a5bc7dd github.com/containers/storage.(*store).getLayerStoreLocked (podman + 0xa557dd)
                                                   #12 0x000055878a5bc935 github.com/containers/storage.(*store).getLayerStore (podman + 0xa55935)
                                                   #13 0x000055878a5cc451 github.com/containers/storage.(*store).Mounted (podman + 0xa65451)
                                                   #14 0x000055878ac99b88 github.com/containers/podman/v5/libpod.(*storageService).UnmountContainerImage (podman + 0x1132b88)
                                                   #15 0x000055878abec81a github.com/containers/podman/v5/libpod.(*Container).unmount (podman + 0x108581a)
                                                   #16 0x000055878abe8865 github.com/containers/podman/v5/libpod.(*Container).cleanupStorage (podman + 0x1081865)
                                                   #17 0x000055878abe965b github.com/containers/podman/v5/libpod.(*Container).cleanup (podman + 0x108265b)
                                                   #18 0x000055878ac6c2ce github.com/containers/podman/v5/libpod.(*Runtime).removeContainer (podman + 0x11052ce)
                                                   #19 0x000055878ac6aad0 github.com/containers/podman/v5/libpod.(*Runtime).RemoveContainer (podman + 0x1103ad0)
                                                   #20 0x000055878ad05948 github.com/containers/podman/v5/pkg/domain/infra/abi.(*ContainerEngine).removeContainer (podman + 0x119e948)
                                                   #21 0x000055878ad06745 github.com/containers/podman/v5/pkg/domain/infra/abi.(*ContainerEngine).ContainerRm.func1 (podman + 0x119f745)
                                                   #22 0x000055878ace297b github.com/containers/podman/v5/pkg/parallel/ctr.ContainerOp.func1 (podman + 0x117b97b)
                                                   #23 0x000055878aade678 github.com/containers/podman/v5/pkg/parallel.Enqueue.func1 (podman + 0xf77678)
                                                   #24 0x0000558789bf8c41 runtime.goexit.abi0 (podman + 0x91c41)
                                                   ELF object binary architecture: AMD x86-64

I have enugh RAM and CPU and Disk to spare....

when this error happens, I cant run any podman commands without a core dump. i.e I cant podman images podman ps and so on... The only solution is to delete the storage folder manually, pull all the images again. and it's back to normal.