How to say the number 92
How to say the number 92
How to say the number 92
What's going on in Denmark?
It's base 20 like in France, plus the quirk that we have an ordinal numeral way of saying half integers, i.e. 1.5 is "half second", 2.5 is "half third", 4.5 is "half fifth". So 92 is said as "two and half fifth times twenty". We've since made the "times twenty" implicit for maximum confusion, so it's just said as "two and half fifths".
Also, the ordinal numeral system for halves is only really used for 1.5 these days, so the numbers don't really make sense to anyone. When speaking to other Scandinavians, we often just say "nine ten two".
Why don't we just change it to the more sensible system then? Because language is stubborn.
1.5 is "half second", 2.5 is "half third", 4.5 is "half fifth"
Interesting. Regionally, some Germans measure time like this, i.e. "half two" is 01:30 resp. 13:30. (Which is different from English, where people who say "half two" mean "half past two".)
We've since made the "times twenty" implicit for maximum confusion, so it's just said as "two and half fifths".
I know very little about Danish, but I learned that Danes slur the middle of most words. So I suspect you actually pronounce even less of the word than you'd write..?
Because language is stubborn.
Belgian French gives me hope.
--
[Edited: Usage is not regional]
And to confuse even further, the cardinal number (ninety-two) is "to-og-halv-fems" in Danish without the *20. But if you need the ordinal number (92nd), then we add in the x20 as in "to-og-halv-fem-sinds-tyvende". Danish is very easy and transparent 😊
I have to admit, as a French myself I found relief in that discovery. And thank you very much for the explanation.
I was confused by the "2 and" at first, then I realize you put the smallest part of the whole number first. It makes perfectly sense if you count in base 20.
We also have an habit to count in base 12 and half 12 in France. Like "half a dozen" (6) or "one dozen and half" (18), but only for multiple of 6.
I will now say "quatre vingtaine et demie" instead of "quatre-vingt-dix" just to tease my fellow Belgians (who say "nonante" and "septante" instead of "soixante-dix" et "quatre-vingt-dix")
EDIT: As a matter of fact, I will rather say "trois et demi-cinquième vingt" for 73 because it sounds better. Now I see it.
If I am correct, the 3rd 20 is everything between 60 and 79. The half-3rd 20 is everything between 70 and 79. So 7 and half-2nd 20 would be 37?
How would you say 40, 60 and 80 then ? 2nd 20, 3rd 20 and 4th 20?
# | 🇩🇰 |
---|---|
1 | en |
2 | to |
3 | tre |
4 | fire |
5 | fem |
6 | seks |
7 | syv |
8 | otte |
9 | ni |
10 | ti |
11 | elleve |
12 | tolv |
13 | tretten |
14 | fjorten |
15 | femten |
16 | seksten |
17 | sytten |
18 | atten |
19 | nitten |
20 | tyve |
21 | enogtyve |
22 | toogtyve |
30 | tredive |
40 | fyrre |
50 | halvtreds |
60 | tres (threes) |
70 | halvfjerds (½fourths) |
80 | firs (fours) |
90 | halvfems (½fifths) |
92 | tooghalvfems (twoand½fifths) |
100 | hundred |
In Czech, we say „čtvrt na osm“ (quarter to eight), „půl osmé“ (half of eighth) and „tři čtvrtě na osm“ (¾ to eight) to mean 19:15
, 19:30
and 19:45
, respectively, so I kinda get it.
Similarly, in German, 🕢=„halb acht“.
Thats pretty common in terms of time. I'm not going to say something is "half five" to say it coststwo and a half dollars though. I understand that with French and Danish you arent actually doing the math and just think of that string the same way i think of "ninety two" but it's still difficult to wrap my head around.
We play on Hardcore mode.
You better have your operations in order!
Crack.
Also: the green (at least with English) should be (9 × 10) + 2
English is 90 + 2. Ninety is its own distinct word.
French is similar to English (base ten) but after 60 it gets weird and then at 80 switches to base 20 until 99.
70 in French is 60 + 10 80 and above in French is 4 × 20 + what ever number is needed to get there.
So to say 102 in French, you'd say four-times-twenty-plus-twenty-two.
I don't believe you.
EDIT: What in the actual fuck. You were right. 😳
In spanish is also 90 + 2
Seriously, french counting from 20 to 99 is fucked up seven ways sideways.. what were they thinking
nine ten? (nineteen ;) )
I love this topic, keep the comments going! It gets even wilder/weirder when reading historical German monastary documents from the early modern period that sometimes mixed German numerical grammar with latin letters and abbreviations. For example this was a common way to write prices in the early 17th century in my region of study:
xiv C Lviұ f xxv bb iy d
All of this was in early modern German Kurrent (old cursive), of course, and with not always obvious whitespaces inbetween. The letters v and x looked somewhat similar, too, and you better don't miss the small strikethroughs anywhere in the lower or upper end of a letter which indicated "minus half" (except for the letter capital C which always has it). This is the kind of fun that brings me joy during my day while simultaneously providing the content for nightmares at night.
For some closure:
The short example would read as: (10+(5-1))100 + 50+((5+3)-0.5) florin, 10+10+5 batzen, and 1+1+1 denari.
And that would translate to a price of 1457 ½ florin (guilders), 25 batzen (silver coin) and 3 denari (pennies).
Am I correct in thinking that this would be a relatively enormous amount of money for a normal person in that time?
Yes, absolutely! My work is related to monasteries. Some of these institutions were large economical organisations with hundreds or thousands of affiliated workers (in addition to the few dozens of actual clergy) stretching hundreds of villages/cities. Monastaries basically were the major corporations of the time. They did handle these amounts of money regularly.
Historical purchasing power for anything before the industrial revolution is hard to approximate. On the one hand because wages were not only payed in money, on the other hand because labor was very cheap and material cost was high - the inverse of today. To illustrate: They did lots of recycling work that would seem fanatical to us today, e.g. straightening old nails, reusing stones and wood from deconstructions, or even excavating and resharpening rotten fenceposts. To add some general and very rough perspective: An unskilled worker/day-worker could expect a yearly wage in the order of magnitude of about 5 fl (guilders) per year for very hard work and long working hours for 6 or 7 days a week (payed daily in non-face-value coins like pennies). However, it was common for wages to include living accomodation and/or food staples (that included wine or beer) - or pay out the worth of these things, separately. A pair of shoes was a valued gift one could give to an unskilled worker on special occasions.
It was a different time with different societal and economical systems in place. Estimated simplifications you might read online (e.g. 1 fl = 50€) are therefor to be taken with a buttload of salt - to the point one might call it a misrepresentation. Then there were the multiple events with increased silver and gold imports from the new world (combined with some greedy/desperate lords reducing the silver share of their coins). This led to multiple changes in the exchange rates between various regional gold, silver and non-face-value coins of the same names, complicating thing even more.
To solve these issues, the prices I named above would be in fictional coins of account, not actual physical coins that were payed. People had to do quite some math when doing accounting - and yes, minor errors happened all the time.
It's a pretty enormous amount of money now. I was thinking that a gold coin was 1oz which would have been an insane amount of money but some research has told me that guilder can refer to several different coins that are between .08oz and .11oz of gold mixed with other precious metals. Ignoring the other precious metals and assuming the lowest gold content 1457.5 guilders is a bit over 116 oz of gold. Gold is approx. $1900/oz so in gold alone that is over $220,000.
Man and here I thought the English system was kinda screwy, where at first it's in base 12 and base 20 at the same time what with having special unique names for all digits up to twelve, and then thirteen through nineteen are also uniquely weird, then at twenty we decide "man fuck that" and then it's in base 10 until we repeat that pattern every 100, ie "one hundred seventeen." Or then we occasionally do stupid things like "seventeen hundred" instead of "one thousand seven hundred."
It just now hit me that "teenager" is an inherently English construct because that weird partial second decade we have. I'm curious, how does that work in languages? Like, in French they have special words up to 16 and only do "ten-seven, ten-eight, ten-nine." You spend seven years as a teenager in England but only three in France.
Germanic languages share this. German has neun, zehn, elf, zwölf, dreizehn, vierzehn...
But continues after that. Apart from 11 and 12 the german system is consistent within itself, even if the system itself is kinda weird, English less so.
Edit: What i meant is the difference between ten/teen, whereas German uses zehn ("ten") to build the "compount numbers". There is also thir-teen as opposed to three-ten, which isn't quite what eleven and twelve are, but it's also not the same as the numbers following it. But others have pointed out that these are pretty marginal differences and i would agree.
It's fascinating how our number systems even evolved. They've done studies with remote Amazon tribespeople where they show them a number of dots and ask them how many there are, and found that their words for what we thought were their numbers 1-5 actually translate to more like 1, 2, 3, '4-ish' and 'many'. Interestingly when they've done the same with very young children then they've got similar results.
Counting is something that only took off when large-scale civilisations (and the need to pay taxes!) took off - before this there was never really a need to be specific when counting a quantity of more than about 4 or 5. Maths developed as an offshoot of language rather than something distinct and so our counting systems suffer from the quirks that come with this.
In Finnish, the numbers 11–19 are (the number for 1–9) + “toista”, lit. “of the second (ten)”. So 11 is yksitoista, “one of the second (ten)”. That system is only used for 11–19. Bigger than that is tens + number, e.g. 21 kaksikymmentä yksi (two tens and one).
The Finnish word for “teen” is “teini”, which is a loanword from English. The native word for a person that’s not a child nor an adult is “nuori” lit. “a young”.
In my language(Romanian), the numbers between 11 and 19 are onetoten,(unsprezece) twototen(doisprezece) ... Ninetoten(nouasprezece)
There are 3 exceptions: for 11 instead of unusprezece(onetoten) its unsprezece(un/o is used when saying that there is only one of something, but unu is used when counting), for 14 instead of patrusprezece(fourtoten) its paisprezece and instead of sasesprezece(sixtoten) its saisprezece
In Swedish the numbers from 13-19 work similarly. We just add "ton" instead of teen. Teenagers called tonåringar (ton-agers).
In Czech, we say náctiletý but that applies to 11 (jedenáct) through 19 (devatenáct)
then we occasionally do stupid things like “seventeen hundred” instead of “one thousand seven hundred."
Both are acceptable, though. Such-and-such hundred is just a little faster to say.
At 40 I still get confused when people say shit like 12 - hundred and 16. I'm like... Is that 12 groups of 100? Is that a 12 with 000 after?
1 thousand, 2 hundred and 16.
But I wasn't ever a math major or anything.
Even as I typed it, it made sense. But to throw it into a conversation. Makes me less certain.
The more formal way of writing it (one thousand, two hundred and sixteen) is definitely more clear. But if it helps to remember the more colloquial way (twelve hundred): twelve hundred is a 12 followed by 2 zeros, just like one hundred is a 1 followed by 2 zeros.
Flight school beat "twelve hundred" out of me.
In Hungary we don't even have a separate name for 11 and 12, just 10 + 1 and 10 + 2. But at least we messed up the billions, it's called 'milliárd' and the trillion is 'billió'. We were so close to making it perfect.
sigh That's normal across Europe, including the UK until recently.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_and_short_scales
Anyway, don’t tell me Hungarian is sensible when second (unit of time) is “másodperc”.
But at least we messed up the billions
No, you folks did it correctly. It's everyone else who messed up: How big is a billion?
1 million squared is a billion. 1 million cubed is a trillion. (1 million)^4 is a quadrillion. And so forth with pent-, sex-, sept-, oct-, etc. Milliard, billiard, trilliard, etc. slot in between the powers of one million.
TIL, then our number system is perfect!! :D
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Italy joins the club of messing up the billions 🙌
For us a billion is "un miliardo" and a trillion is "un bilione"
I might be remembering this incorrectly, but a billion in Europe used to be a million million, and we would count in thousands of millions first, as opposed to a billion now being a thousand million.
I can't remember whether a trillion was a million (old) billion, or whether it was a billion billion.
I think Denmark should stop doing crack.
If that's crack I really wonder what crazy shit the US and UK take to end with the imperial system!
I’m not sure what’s more asinine, the colors chosen for this map, or the Dutch Danish.
Edit: worth it for the joke
Guys we found Austin Powers.
Perhaps I should preface this by mentioning I'm Danish. Before clicking the link I just read "Dutch Danish" and thought "those poor, poor people". Imagine our two languages combined.
There's also they way it's said in Basque which is 4 x 20 + 12.
So exactly like French on the map ?
Yes, but in Basque.
🇬🇧 ninety
🇫🇷 quatre-vingts-dix
🇩🇰 HALVFEMS
4*20+12
Four score and twelve
Quatre vingt douze
You missed the traditional Celtic systems.
Welsh should be both 9 x 10 + 2 and 2 + 10 + 4 * 20.
And Irish – I didn't get it, they seem to have a modern 9 x 10 + 2 system, an old vigesimal and one for age?
Nobody ever remembers Welsh on these charts.
So what is going on in Walloon and Swiss French? Is it just the Parisian dialect that is messed up?
Swiss French are reasonable people, they're using 90+2.
What's the Swiss French word for 90?
Edit nevermind it's further down the thread. Septante, huitante, and nonante.
Quebec is also messed up, unfortunately.
Something rotten...
Seriously, have trouble enough with numbers anyhow. The French system is far more than my little brain can compute, so I pretend to have learned the language from Belgians.
But who knows, maybe the Danish system would have tipped my infant brain into having a better grasp of some concepts?
I don't want to be that guy, but In Belgium they speak Flemish (a variant of Dutch) in the North, or French in the South. Which one is it?
Francophone Belgium is mostly in the south east - it is shaded green on the map & the Flemish area is the yellow bit above.
What are you even talking about? You aren't responding to the OP in any meaningful capacity.
Are all German numbers like that?
No, it gets more confusing the more numbers you add. 34563 4+30 thousand +500 3+60
Yes, Germans say numbers like that. (It only applies to the tens tho)
Roughly translated you'd say two-and-ninety (without the minus, I just made those so it doesn't look that cursed)
It's mainly because at least in German it flows better than ninety two would. There have been pushes to accept ninety two as well but acceptance has been and continues to be scarce.
(It only applies to the tens tho)
Tens, but also ten-thousands, ten-millions, ten-billions ... you get the gist.
Yes, and it's so annoying. I'm Austrian, a bit dyslexic, and sometime I just can't sevenandeighty sixandseventy.
some (very few, i think it's only the "teens") english numbers are like that, like seventeen (7+10) for example
Kind of. Those are distinct names rather than seven+ten. It took a long time until I even made that connection that teen probably came from ten.
Of course, why would 92 be an exception? (Only numbers with a thousand-group ending in 21-99 do that, though)
Only 21-99, after that you say the hundred (thousand, million, etc.) first.
Impressive that Norway has bands of different ways to say 92!
Afaik, they've changed the official system from the "German" to the "Swedish" order after WW2, but it is still used by many in spoken language.
Old people tend to say 2+90 while young people say 90+2. I heard that this new way of saying it was due to the introduction of the telephone, where people needed a more linear way of saying the numbers to reduce confusion. But I don't have a source.
I guess the telephone just didn't arrive properly in German speaking countries, at least we will soon get rid of most fax machines, hopefully that is...
I'm 40. Not old damnit
Czechia should also be a combination of both 90+2 and 2+90
Ahoj! We’re like ⅞ „devadesát dva“ and ⅛ „dvaadevadesát“. Some numbers have it higher (25 is closest to ½/½) but we use inverse reading quite rarely overall.
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Point is it is used and understood :)
I'll see you at twenty past nine
NL: oh you mean 10 before the half of 10
Actually in Estonian it's üheksakümmend kaks. The first being a compound word of nine(üheksa) and ten(kümme) while kaks is just two. So it would be 9+10+2.
Wouldn't that be more like "nine 10s plus two"?
Yes, it seems like 9×10+2
That's exactly how it's done in English: ninety means 9*10, then you add two. The wrong language in the picture is Russian. Because the Russian word for ninety is an exception and doesn't follow the same rule as 80, 70, etc.
The wrong language in the picture is Russian. Because the Russian word for ninety is an exception and doesn't follow the same rule as 80, 70, etc.
You are neither wrong nor right here. Yes the Russian word for 90 does not follow the rule as with 80, 70 and so on. It still is a specific word for 90, it just doesn't follow the same rule as with previous ones. So when saying 92, you still pronounce 90+2.
It is a whole messed up thing with numbers in Russian as there are multiple exceptions, another one being for 500, it just does not follow the same rule.
Who out here is calling ninety two as two ninety?
Look at the map, dude. German, Dutch, Slovenian, sometimes Norwegian (and Czech). Usually adding “and” between the two numbers.
In Dutch it's tweeënnegentig. Which is three words connected: twee en negentig. Or literally translated: two and ninety.
In Norwegian, the correct way to say it is ninety two, but in daily speech, it's interchangeable with two-and-ninety.
Same in Czech, but the two-and-ninety is not much used.
I thing english also used to do this right? Saying 2 and 90 surely sounds old timey