Another thing that's great about aussie tax.. you can fill it out yourself, it's very easy, all online, and it takes a very short time. They also explain every question in the form and have lots of materials that you can read. For me, I finish it each year in about 10 minutes, and never think about it again.
In Norway, we just get it prefilled based on automatically reported data, and it's delivered by default after a certain date - you can of course make changes up until then (and retroactively up to 3 years later).
In the UK tax is deducted 'at source' by your employer for anybody employed. You have a personal tax code, which tells your employer how much tax to deduct and pay on you behalf.
You then have a number of allowances you can claim against if you are eligible, to reduce your tax, which issues you an updated tax code.