I don't think the Spartan 6 can, it's an fpga with no arm, the zynq can, there's a lot of other arm chips that I assume can run some type of Linux, but the blurry ones are throwing me off
Edit, top left is a 286 CPU, and the Intel one has an earlier date, so they MIGHT be able to runwalk it, it'll be not good
Not only could mainline Linux never run on a 286, it also definitely doesn't count as an "SoC" to begin with. It needed a separate co-processor just to do floating-point math, let alone to manage all the I/O that a SoC does on-die.
There is a project looking to do this kind of, known as elks that has images for 80286 chips. I have no idea why you’d want to do that to yourself though.
this is extra tricky because they did not specify the exact kernel. mainline could be any of the kernels tagged as stable that you can build from linus' git tree. i know that in the past you could run a mainline linux on intel 368 chips but today you probably can not because official support was dropped a while ago.
Part of me wishes I still had my families old 386 or commodore knock-off. Read some of the terrible short stories I wrote, play tanks. I remember when my Mom's friend came over with a stack of 51/4 floppies and installed a program that played the Loonie Toons theme song with their logo and Buggs Bunny captioned saying "That's all folks." It blew my mind, video (sort of) on a computer, how was that even possible. I wondered how they got it to connect to the cable cause no way a computer could do that. Dang I'm getting old lol.