It's not really comparable to the way Windows versioning works. Releases of distros like Debian are closer to Service Packs on Windows: they're just a bunch of updates bundled together.
Alternatively, you can use Debian Sid or Arch, for example, and get all the changes as they're being made. That way, you get a lot of smaller updates a lot more often.
Whatever you want to call it, version or service pack, the point is that you're going to need to be using a relatively recent one to get that free support.
You do, in fact, need to accept support to benefit from it. Those releases are the support. Support = updates!
Sometimes people or companies retire their distros (e.g. Mandriva), or just do stupid decisions that piss of their users (CentOS) and force the users to switch to a different distro. This, however, is extremely rare. Microsoft do that on a schedule.
You can use Debian Sid, for example. That way, instead of waiting for a bunch of updates to install them as one big upgrade, you, basically, always have the last version. You don't get those big upgrades at all, this way.
That's not possible with Windows. Even if you were to install every update that comes out, you wouldn't end up with a system that's somewhere between Windows 10 and Windows 11. You're forced into a major upgrade.
And that's the way Windows' patches and updates have always worked. This isn't some amazing new twist that Microsoft has thrown at us. If I'd bought Windows 10 ten years ago, I would have bought it with the full knowledge that at some point it'll no longer be updatable without it turning into Windows 11.
If this is a fundamental obstacle to you then you should never have bought Windows in the first place. It's like buying a gasoline-powered car and then exclaiming "this is bullshit!" When it comes time to fill the tank.
Debian releases are more similar to Service Packs on Windows.
Windows releases are entirely different products.
There are changes to the defaults, sometimes, but they're just that: changes to the defaults. If you're upgrading your existing install, they won't affect you.
For example: Debian switched to Gnome as its default DE a couple years ago. It used to be XFCE. However, if you already had a system with XFCE, if wouldn't go and replace it for you.
On Windows side, meanwhile, when Microsoft decide to change up the DE, you get the changes, whether you like it or not. Remember Windows 8? It's not like those who upgraded from Windows 7 got to keep their Aero theme and Start Menu.
I suppose it's true for very old or more exotic hardware.
Since last year we can't even run Linux on i486 CPUs, and it's not even some relatively exotic architecture!