Even if they hate homosexual couples, doing this retroactively as a surprise brings this to a whole new level. Are there any ways for these people to reobtain their parental rights, like adoption?
They cannot legally adopt in Italy. And even if they could i am not sure if that wouldn't require the recognized parent to give them up first, so never both people can legally bebconsidered parents and have right to custody.
The EU, while having standards on many social topics is primarily a trade union. There are attempts made to form it into more, but that reduces the power of local governments and most decisions require all 27 governments to be on board. In particular Poland and Hungary are run by right wing extremist authoritarian governments, that regularly blockade things to get their will.