What's the term for someone that likes Jesus of Nazareth, but doesn't identify with church, religious dogma, or whatever?
They think, "Jesus was cool. I like him, and I'm gonna try to be like him." Kind of like their guiding light is what would Jesus do? But there isn't a focus on identification, recruiting others, judging others based on their religion, fear of God, fear of punishment for sinning, respect for clergy as an authority, rituals, worship, etc. Basically, just the example of Jesus' life.
From reading your post it seems like you could be interested by the Jesus movement (that is the jewish followers of Jesus, before catholicism was codified and adopted by the Romans as state religion). Everything that wasn't authoritarian fear-based catholic was branded as "gnostic heresy" and purged from the canon, but there's some real good shit that is very close to the core message of Christ.
A recent(-ish) example of gnostic christianity is catharism, which was a heresy that lasted for a few centuries in the South of France. They had no clergy, just a caste of ascetic wise men and women who would walk the land and dispense wisdom and judgement. Very egalitarian, very spiritual, very christ-like. As you can imagine, they got crushed in one of the rare "self-crusades" in history (meaning the King of France sent his own armies to burn down cities in his own country and murder thousands upon thousands of his own subjects). As you can imagine there is not one history teacher in France who will tell you about this episode.
where was that ? My hometown is like 20km from a city that was entirely burned down and had its population eradicated during the first Albigense crusade - i swear to God it was never mentioned to me. My parents hadn't ever heard of it either.
I'm from the north of France. I suppose it depends of the teacher.
Nevermind I looked at the official program for middle age history and I did not see any mention of it.
Yeah it certainly depends on the teacher. If you're into that kind of history, Pacome from Blast made a gigantic episode about this in his "L'empire n'a jamais pris fin" series. One of the best youtube essays i've ever seen in French.